Rosalind and the Masks in Shakespeares As You Like It :: Shakespeare As You Like It Essays

Rosalind and the Masks In this essay I would like to focus on Rosalinds - or rather Ganymedes - preoccupation with the outward-bound show of things. Whether this is a entrust of her cross-dressing, the reason for the same, or the playwrights way of revealing his presence is not as yet clear to me, but Rosalinds constant insistence on the truth of masks and on the other hand her readiness to doubt this same truth fascinates me. When she decides to dress up as a boy, Rosalind seems to think a mannish outside adequate to convince the world at large (I.iii.111-118). She is more than common tall and therefore all she needs is a gallant curtle-axe, a boar impale and a swashing and a martial outside to hide her feminine anxiousness. Taking it for granted that noone will have the hunch to look beyond her male costume, she reasons that since funky men are able to hide these feminine qualities, she should be able to pass off as a man, simply by behaving mannishly. Being so totally depen dent on her own disguise not being found out, it is funny how she proceeds to doubt anyone who does not put on an outward show fitting to their claims to feeling. The first to be put on the stand in this fashion is Orlando. As Ganymede Rosalind refuses to accept Orlandos claim to being the desperate root of the erotic love-verses (s)he has found hanging on the trees on the grounds that he has no visible marks of love upon him. A lean cheek, which you have not a blue eye and sunken, which you have not an unquestionable spirit, which you have not a beard neglected, which you have not (...) Then your hose should be ungartered, your toughie unbanded, your sleeve unbuttoned, your shoe untied, and everything about you demonstrating careless desolation. (III.ii.363-371) He is, in other words, not exactly the picture of the despairing suitor. Neither does Jaques measure up to Rosalinds expectations of the grief traveller. She greets him with a they say you are (IV.i.3), and sends him o ff with the order of Look you lisp, and wear strange suits disable all the benefits of your own country be out of love with your nativity, and almost chide God for making that countenance you are or I will scarce think you have swam in a gondola.

Why Feng Shui? Essay -- Philosophy

The word Feng Shui (fung shway) literally means wind and water in Chinese. These major energy sources underlie the popular opinion that environmental factors influence people greatly and this is the basis of Feng Shui. The bagua chart indicates how elements, directions and aspects of life can be of influence. There is a wealth of information on the capable from practitioners and journalists that prove the benefits of Feng Shui. Disbelievers that began to practice it brought great prosperity and luck into their lives leading them to become advocates of the practice. Therefore, it stands to reason that though there is a counter argument against the argument that Feng Shui is tremendously beneficial it is disproven by successful business people, converts and journalists. Business tycoons, financial institutions, architects, offices and homeowners use Feng Shui principles. Many highly successful and intelligent people spend time and currency incorporating this old-fashioned art, and yet there are the skeptics that attempt to prove it to be a waste of time. Feng Shui is now a global phenomenon it brings wealth and well-being, yet it is surround with skepticism even the skeptics eventually change when they are deluged with its benefits.Feng Shui is an ancient art which originated in Asia thousands of years ago. It is based on the bagua chart which gives readings and decides on the best actions to repulse when designing buildings or arranging furniture in the interior of a building. The chart is based on the I Ching, an ancient Chinese text that includes ancient cosmic principles and divination methods. There are eight directions on the chart, which give instructions on what the practitioner should do to manifest good energy, and attract the desire outcomes... ...nne. Feng shui puts your furniture and your life in order. The Wall Street journal (1996) 12. Proquest. 9 Apr. 2012 . Lagatree, Kirsten. Ancient chinese wisdom for the modern workplace. Training and Development 51.1 (1997) 26-29. Proquest. 9 Apr. 2012 .Weltman, Barbara and Michael, Hayes. Feng Shui for Beginners. Journal of Accountancy 200.6 (2005) 36-39. Proquest. 9 Apr. 2012 .Asis-Leif Designs. 2001/2012. 6 May 2012 Bankrate.com. 2012. 6 May 2012

Redstorm Rising Book Report :: essays research papers

Red Storm Rising is a book about the Soviet Union and Russias attempt to overtake the Atlantic so they can launch an offensive against the United States of America and maybe other NATO countries such as England and Germany. The tale begins in 1980 at a very productive but old, Soviet oil refinery in Nizhnevartovsk. The refinery is blown up by Islamic terrorists that hope to be heard by their God Allah by commiting this violent action. The devestation of the refinery leads Russia into chaos with a much smaller supply of oil. The story escalates as the Russian army makes a impact on Iraq to gain control over the precious oil fields to setup refineries and also an attack on Iceland. Conquering Iceland is an important step because this allows the Russians to get hold of farther into the Atlantic and possibly into North America with their aircraft. The Russians greed for land control is immense and they are desperate for more resources and materials to manage more contend campaigns. The Soviet Union soon decides that to gain ultimate power, Russian military must first cripple NATO and start the worst non-nuclear war imaginable.This book is unparalleled because the story is told through many different characters points of view.Tom Clancy tells the story through eyes of NATO and Russian naval captains who command both surface and underwater boats. close of the characters actions would seem reasonable at war time, making the story realistic. Almost every chapter in the book takes place in a different positioning during the war, on both the Russian and NATO fronts of battle.

Sports Violence in Relation to Preserving Values in Society Essay

Bench clearing brawls in baseball, bloody hockey fights, soccer mobs, post-gamesports riots, and increasing injuries ar all images of todays sports that are old(prenominal) to us. In recent years players and fans alike have shown increased aggression when it comes tosporting events. One of the most disturbing trends in sports is the increasing frequencyand callosity of violence. Injuries and deaths among participants are on the rise, as areinjuries and deaths among fans and spectators. Violence in sports is an important issuebecause sports themselves are an important aspect in our lives and the society we live in. Their importance, however, should not be greater than our concern about preserving thevalues and aspects of our society. The problem of sports violence has become a worldwide phenomenon, that is anunacceptable, growing social problem. Sports violence can be defined as behavior by aplayer, coach, or fan that is intended to inflict pain or cause injury (Berger 8). Sportsviolence causes harm, breaks the rules of the game, and is unrelated to the competitiveobjectives of the sport. Leonard identifies two forms of aggression in sports Instrumental aggression,which is non-emotional and task-oriented and reactive aggression, which has an underlyingemotional component, with harm as its goal(165). Violence is the outcome of reactiveaggression. There are three major theories of aggression in sports The biological theory,psychological theory, and the social learning theory(Leonard 170-171). The biologicaltheory sees aggression as a basic, innate humane characteristic, in which sports is seen as asocially acceptable way to discharge built-up aggression(170). The psychological theo... ...ect for authority, but that we have lost respect for each other. Our societyspreoccupation with winning has caused sports stars to play with the intensity of emotion,which leads to violence. While most occurrences of violence come from players, others,includi ng coaches, parents, fans, and the media, also contribute to the increasing violencein sports today. Fans seem to assume the violence they watch in sports and spectatorviolence is increasing as participant injuries rise(Yeager 11). Mass media contributes tothe acceptability of sports. It provides exposure to sports-related violence via television,magazines, newspapers, and radio, which provides many examples to children who mayimitate such behavior. Also it often glamorizes players who are controversial andaggressive. Reading this, I couldnt help but think of the honorable Mike Tyson.

The National Debt :: essays research papers

The National DebtFor the past centuries, the american people dug themselves into a bighole which is the National Debt. In this paper I will discuss the history ofthe national debt, effects on the debt/deficit, wais to reduce it and controlthe deficit. the national debt has increase every year from 1945 to 1995. Thebiggest increase of the debt was from the years 1985 to 1995 whwn it went upabout three trillion dollars. Right after the Civil War the debt held at threebillion dollars. In 1900, this debt of three million dollars had decreased to angiotensin-converting enzyme million dollars. In 1919, at the end of the World War 1, the debtskyrocketed to 25.5 billion. When the Wall Street fell apart in 1929, theUnited States fell into something that was called the Great Depression. Itstarted in 1930 and lasted until 1940. During this depression, PresidentFranklin Roosevelt came in. He brought in projects known as Entitlements. Someof them were known as WPA. TVA. and CCC. Then social welf are was born andsocial security began. This is what drop our country into debt. Then came war,the end of the depression, and the Eisenhower times.The debt kept on growing so new president Lyndon Johnson developed newsocial welfare programs- Medicare, and Medicaid. The U.S. Government came upwith the gold standard and stopped minting silver coins. The coins were thenmade from scrap pieces of metal and the cash became paper. Richard Nixon andGerald Ford passed the debt and added to it. The first sign of bankruptcyoccured during the Jimmy Carter Presidency. pomposity skyrocketed and interestrates fluttered near 20%. President Ronald Reagan made the economy act better,temporarily. To make the economy better, Reagan invented something called acredit offer. A credit spree in my opinion is when we go out and buy everything,but we put in on a charge (spending money we dont have.) The government cuttaxes and increased spending. The deficit exploded, but the american peoplewere happy using a credit card and charging everything. Republicans began usingaccounts about supply side and trickle obliterate economics. Corporate welfareprospered again, financed by more debt. Between the years 1980 and 1990, thenational debt quadrupled. In 1980, it was at approximately eight hundredbillion dollars. Now its quintet trillion dollars and increasing rapidly. Toworsen matters republican presidential nominee, Bob Dole says that he wants to

The National Debt :: essays research papers

The National DebtFor the past centuries, the american people dug themselves into a big muss which is the National Debt. In this paper I will discuss the history ofthe national debt, effects on the debt/deficit, wais to reduce it and controlthe deficit. the national debt has increased all(prenominal) year from 1945 to 1995. Thebiggest increase of the debt was from the years 1985 to 1995 whwn it went up close to three trillion dollars. Right after the Civil War the debt held at threebillion dollars. In 1900, this debt of three million dollars had decreased toone million dollars. In 1919, at the end of the World War 1, the debtskyrocketed to 25.5 billion. When the Wall Street fell apart in 1929, theUnited States fell into something that was called the Great Depression. Itstarted in 1930 and lasted until 1940. During this depression, PresidentFranklin Roosevelt came in. He brought in projects known as Entitlements. Someof them were known as WPA. TVA. and CCC. Then social offbeat was b orn andsocial security began. This is what put our country into debt. Then came war,the end of the depression, and the Eisenhower times.The debt kept on growing so untried president Lyndon Johnson developed newsocial welfare programs- Medicare, and Medicaid. The U.S. Government came upwith the gold standard and stopped minting silver coins. The coins were thenmade from scrap pieces of metal and the cash became paper. Richard Nixon andGerald Ford passed the debt and added to it. The starting sign of bankruptcyoccured during the Jimmy Carter Presidency. Inflation skyrocketed and interestrates fluttered near 20%. President Ronald Reagan made the economy act better,temporarily. To make the economy better, Reagan invented something called acredit spree. A credit spree in my opinion is when we go out and buy everything,but we put in on a awaken (spending money we dont have.) The government cuttaxes and increased spending. The deficit exploded, but the american peoplewere happy using a credit card and charging everything. Republicans began usingaccounts about supply side and trickle down economics. Corporate welfareprospered again, financed by more debt. Between the years 1980 and 1990, thenational debt quadrupled. In 1980, it was at approximately octad hundredbillion dollars. Now its five trillion dollars and increasing rapidly. Toworsen matters republican presidential nominee, Bob Dole says that he wants to

A gift called “Wife”

Somewhere, I remember, to have read about the Orientals concept of an ideal wife A real wife is identical a minister for the personal affairs of her husband, a friend in executing his tasks, in affectionate dealings she is like his mother and in his rear end she is like a courtesan. Such a wife is auspicious (Garuda Purana, 1.64.6). Is there a word in English that adequately describes such a idol of virtues in the form of a beautiful, female, human-being, playing the role of a wife? If there is one, then few women indeed, would qualify to be described thus.Blessed indeed is the man, who is bestowed with such a woman, capable of enriching his entire life, filling it hope, happiness and healthy attitude. Person whollyy, I must say, that I, am one of those lucky husbands who has been graced thus. My wife is my savior, guide and friend she is my albatross, averting the turbulent disasters that threaten to drown me in the ocean of my troubles, and guiding me to the shores of safety very much like the woman praised by the Orientals.Ever since I met her, I have been drawn to her like a magnet. A young, beautiful woman, with a gorgeous body, lovely soft eyes and sensual lips, that make heads spell round instantly. Eligible suitors sought her, as do butterflies circle an attractive flower. Her eyes shone like stars, and her heart was filled with dreams dreams of making it big, in the Hollywood.She has a attractive demeanor that hides the tensile nature of the resolute strength of her character and, little did I realize this invaluable asset at the time of our marriage. Nevertheless, I felt up elated when she reciprocated my love and we walked down the Alter, as man and wife. But, I was to discover that, more than beauty, there were other things that contributed to her attractive personality. The adept professionalism in her single-handed heed and smooth execution of our wedding plans to the last detail, unfolded a new aspect of her strength, to me.Our wedding day also revealed to me, the adamant streak in her. I remember, when all was ready and, I was about to enter the premises, she bid me on her mobile-phone, to fetch a particular candle she wanted lit on this special occasion. unable(p) to refuse the plea in her voice, I turned and started back. I remember, it was a chill, winter day, and a gust of cold wind pierced my face sharply, charm searching for her car and groping with the keys.Sweat broke out on my forehead and my breath became heavy, as it was getting late, and I still couldnt go through candle in the place where she had supposed it to be neither my words of counsel nor the advice of her bridesmaids (which got carried through on the mobile quite clearly), to proceed with the ceremonies without the candle, had little issuing on her. It rather made her more stubborn, to have the candle fetched and lit, and she pined that none of us understood the deep significance of her actions. Whew How I heaved a sigh of relief, when I finally found it. Thankfully, I dabbed out-of-door the sweat on my forehead with my handkerchief, and straightened my jacket, now that all was well.Later, I took ill and was down in bed requiring particular(a) attention and care. There she was, by my side, with a soothing smile on her lips and a warm grasp on my wrist, feeling my pulse, monitoring my temperature, administering the drugs advised by the doctor, reassuring me all the time with kind words, that all shall be well. My heart was touched and eyes filled with unshed tears, when she made it to the doctors appointment, traveling crosswise half the city through peak traffic, despite her heavy schedule, to apprise the doctor regarding the status of my health and explore the options of my speedy recovery.The very same adamant streak came to the fore here in albeit in a very agreeable manner with tenacity she clutched on to hope, never giving up, and adamantly pushed away pessimistic thoughts. Her son depends on this unique t rait of hers, to prop him up during the defeating bouts of his mental-illness, and to keep him going. However, we her close kin and kith are not the only recipients of her kindness. She is surely a tower of strength, to many a friend and I personally know of few instances in which she has pulled some friends back from the brink of ruin.Now, am I not right in feeling that I have been graciously granted a rare and auspicious present in the form of a sour life-partner?BibliographyGaruda Purana, 1.64.6 Tr. J.L. Shastri/A board of scholars, Ancient Indian Traditionand Mythology 12-14, Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi 1982. (extracts with notes in by JanM, 1997). Retrieved on 24th May, 2006, from website address

Great Balls of Flowers Essay

Throughout Steve Abeess forgescript Great Balls of Flowers the reoccurring themes that arise atomic number 18 sex, hunch forward, family and life. Within individually song he threads in a minimum of two themes, interweaving them so all the themes eventually overlap. The themes of sex, love and family atomic number 18 each representative of a major component of his life. His book lay outs commentators insight as to what Abee is thinking and receiveing within each metrical composition, making them extremely personal for the ref. The surname of the book was seemingly derived from Jerry Lee Lewiss Song Great Balls of ro character which was written in 1957 on the movie based on Jerry Lee Lewis which was released in 1989.The movie discusses Lewis controversial life and his rise and fall as a rock star. Lewis suffered from substance abuse and re ramifyed to alcoholism when times got bad. His song Great Balls of Fire is purely sexual discussing the arousal of a man, this song w as one of Lewis major hits. Abees title Great Balls of Flowers is so appropriate especially with his replacement of get up with flowers. Flowers hold the softer connotation of love and peacefulness as Abee explains how hes overcome his issues with the love he feels and receives from his family.Within select poems his love for his wife and children ar startlingly apparent. He portrays himself with raw emotions that seem un conflagrateable. In the poem Poem to my Wife, he states, I love you so much that when I stimulate you my fingers turn into miniature suns shining. His portrayal of incessantlylasting love and lust for his wife affords the reader insight as to his most personal and inner thoughts and emotions. Because of the rawness and bluntness of his emotions It is intelligible his metrical compo hinge onion was used as an escape for Abee. His attachment to his wife leads the reader to think as a child there were issues with his family.Romance isnt the plainly type of lo ve Abee discusses, as he also mentions the love he has for his children. For his youngest daughter, Abee states her voice opens me like breath. He continues on to state Im onerous to be good now Im trying not to be bad, this gives the reader the idea that his children are now the motivation for him. It seems as if he had previously struggled with a personal issue that has disappeared because of the arrival of his children. Substance abuse seems appropriate as he refines it in the poem Sucks when he says beer sucks.Its good entirely it sucks. Marijuana sucks Crystal Meth sucks so bad. His allusions to these substances would tie in as a strong connection to the title, Great Balls of Flowers. Abee never fails to inject a sexual innuendo within the majority of his poems. bingle example of his sexual references arise in the poem Gas, Abee states when I lick your secrets, bombs incur to fall from your thighs. His continual sexual references tie in greatly with the title, Great Ba lls of Flowers because it alludes to the 1957 hit song discussing sex.Sex seems to be a dominant theme throughout the book, as it was throughout many of Jerry Lee Lewis songs as healthy. Abees continuous blunt sexual references free him from the shackle soft society as he isnt scared to discuss topics that seem controversial. His direct statements give the book a potent feel and, honest take on life. As the book goes on you croup see the meniscal details in life that are typically overlooked are what Abee thrives upon. His poems are real portrayals of his daily routine and it gives the reader a personal connection with him and his mindset.Great Balls of Flowers consists of poems covering the themes of sex, love, family and life. His title is so appropriate these four themes are the pieces of Abees life which he discusses in his poetry giving readers in insight into his alternative perspective on life and love. Throughout Great Balls of Flowers Steve Abee uses interpretry to help develop his tone and themes in his assorted(a) poems. His use of imagery creates a clear picture that the reader can connect with. Those images, which are typically old(prenominal) to the reader help the reader, better take care the point Abee is trying to make.Abee uses a mix of concrete imagery alongside symbolic imagery, creating numerous layers for the reader to divulge in as the poems go on. One example of the imagery used is in the poem Hail to the Things I Can Not See. Abee states Oh wind keeping seagulls aloft, squawking and hovering over my daughters and my hot dogs at Santa Monica Pier. His use of imagery in this extract sets the setting for this poem. Along with it building a setting, it gives the poem a nostalgic feel because thats where the author grew up.The familiar sounds he describes connect the reader to the beach, which carries light and happy connotations, reinforcing the nostalgic feel mend integrating the po mock upive tone. The city scape imagery port rays Abee as a city boy, giving readers an image of him. His juxtaposition of the city scene with more symbolic imagery gives the reader insight to what he sees life as helping him break free from the connotations that come with city boy. The stanza after the one previously stated says, oh the gravity that holds the trees up and my bones together, using imagery in more of a symbolic sense.Although gravity is something not visible to the human eye, Abee portrays it in a way that is viable to the reader. The contrast of the tangible with the symbolic give the poem a deeper feel. Another example of imagery can be seen in the poem, Poem to My Wife, Abee states the innocent sea shore of our kiss, where hippies play on tambourine brain fried ukulele and we dance on crab grass sand. His use of imagery in this quote not altogether sets the scene for this particular stanza but sets the mood for the entire poem.His use of the word ukulele gives the reader the view of the upbeat instrument th at plays purely cheerful melodies, while the sand gives the reader an image of the beach giving the poem a bright tone. As he explains how they dance to the upbeat tunes, the reader can feel the joy radiating off the happy couple. This portrayal of why Abee is so infatuated with this wife, not only gives readers an insight into his marriage but an insight to his affection and what makes him happy. Within the poem previously discussed Abee states, speech rising up into a ball of Christmas lights, poof, explosion of holiday love. This use of imagery is purely symbolic words are personified to express his love for his wife giving the reader an idea of how extreme his passion is for his mate. His use of the image Christmas Lights give off the connotations of the holiday which is come to on love and happiness. These connotations give the poem an upbeat and warm tone, while the reader starts to see Abee in a different more loving sort of light. Along with the holiday connotations, his u se of words like explosion give the poem a more passionate and yearning sort of feel, giving readers visuals of the impregnation of his love.Abees use of imagery greatly constructs the tone and theme of the poem. Throughout the book there are instances where symbolic and tangible imagery contrast, following the alike sort of pattern showed in this poem. This contrast sets the setting because divulges into Abees inner thoughts, giving readers a better perception of the author and a deeper instinct of his poetry. Throughout Great Balls of Flowers Steve Abee uses personification, similes and metaphors in various poems. Each of these devices holds a different effect over the reader, emphasizing and creating different images for the reader.Each example of figurative speech holds a different effect on the reader but in all the point of the insertions of the figurative language is to accentuate the purpose of each poem. Steve Abee uses various similes in the poem, Poem to my Wife, one example of this can be seen in the quote, loving you is like surfing the wave of benevolent impulse. In this poem he is describing the intese love he feels for his wife and uses a simile to explain to the reader the extensity of his overwhelming emotions for her.Using the word benevolent describes the gentleness of the love the twosome share while impose gives readers a sense of the intensity that kindness carries. Abee compares the love they share to surfing a wave giving readers a familiar image to compare the ride he feels with her. The insertion of a metaphor adds another layer to the poem , leaving room for interpretation from there reads, which contrasts well as Abee is explaining like his poetry , his love for his wife has numerous layers. Within the poem previously discussed, Abee uses personification to further explain the love he feels for his wife.The quote goes as follows, But it (poem) wouldnt be able to help itself. Abee is explaining what a poem to his wife would consist of, and that is where he inserts the above quote. The use of personifications gives the reader a sense of how alive his love for his wife is. The intensity of his love cant be explained with the used of an inanimate object so personifying the poem gives his love an image. Along with the aspect of imagery rat personification brings, it sets a tone for the entire poem. The personification of the poem gives the literal poem a loud but allusive tone.In the poem Gas Station, the entire first stanza consists of metaphors, Abee states, Steve Abee is a gas station. To start things off the first impression this holds on the reader is a whirlwind of thoughts in hope to analyze what he could possibly mean by this statement. As he continues on he states numerous other figures are gas stations such as Jesus Christ, and Jack Kerouac. Continuing on he states how gas stations are lonesome and lovely and sit on the edge of a sandy skirt desert.His descriptions of gas stations set the tone f or the poem as morbid and sadas the reader is visualizing a delegate area that people use then leave. Both Fries and Christ underwent great suffering throughout their lives which ultimately resulted in their deaths, which connects to the end of the stanza where Abee states, As we move from seashore to graveyard. Using the metaphor not only on himself but on other figures not only gives readers an image to connect his emotions to but it also shows readers that personally this is what he perceives life as, a journey where humans are used and abused , then die.His metaphor emphasizes his important idea for that poem while accentuating the tone that is apparent throughout the rest of the poem. Abee uses all these forms of figurative language to emphasize are ideas and highlight the tones that are seen in his various poems. They also all help connect back to the main themes which can be seen throughout the poem. In all each device helps give readers the image in which Abee intends from them to see, while showing readers how he personally feels.If I was to write a poem to you it would go something like this As I sit and reminisce, a wave of nostalgia overcomes me, leaving me choking and gasping for relief, as I drown in memories of forgotten promises faded secrets Next, id talk about how your laugh was like the church service bells ringing on Sunday morning, clear and crisp in the sunny sky, particles of sound dancing with the rhythm of love If I were to write you a poem I would use words like gifted and good, the gentle gem in a mound of rocks, something like that.I would have pointless passages explaining the magnetized pull we felt between us, I would illuminate the page with the sparks we once shared, fireworks over a lake of washed out feelings, calmly disappearing into a an abyss of unsungness If I was going to write you a poem it would have words It would have words describing our love, words only cupid knows, words of joy and happiness. wrangle to expl ain how you make me feel , words that would flow out of my mouth into my hand and onto paper like a stream flows into the ocean, twisting and turning then eventually colliding with the salty sea water, slowly integrating themselves till they are one.To be honest the poem I would write would have a dark side, a side of sadness and longing, unreasonably irrational and unhealthily attached. I would say things like I miss you and come back. I love you more than you could ever know I need you more than the grass needs rain. Your love warms me and keeps me alive, your love completed me. The poem would say you cant love another, you can only love me. I would say please come back, I would say Im sorry. I would say we were perfect together, we were soul mates.I would say no one else can hold you no one else can touch you or call you theirs. The poem would say how could you? How could you love another, how could you be with another or kiss another. How could you leave me? The poem would be li ke that, angry. Yes angry, sad, mournful and dark, with flashes of light flickering in the darkness. The poem would be sealed in a bottle, and thrown into space, where it only company would be the sun, until eventually it would fade away, never to be read by my forgotten love.

Pipeline Hydraulics Design Basis Engineering Essay

It includes the underground and electric current features of the transported fluid under specified run conditions as established in the design derriereing.SpeedThe pipeline has to be fixed for the distance of 770km surrounded by Portland and Montreal, the fluid in the pipe is Light Crude Oil.Speed of shine in a grapevine is the mean speed ground on the pipe diameter and liquid move rate. Its choice is first measure in the scheming process of our under winning. The give ear speed can resist both advantages and drawbacks. High speeds can do turbulency, and the contact of the fluid on the w solelys of the pipe which testament do harm to the pipes and finally gnaw away the pipe, opus low speed on the other manus can do the deposition of particulates in the line and cleanliness of the fluid will be compromised. Therefore, to avoid these problemsliquid lines atomic number 18 usually sized to keep a speed sufficient to maintain the solid atoms from lodging and besides to fore stall the eroding of the pipe. chthonic these considerations the recommended speed is in the scope of 3ft/s to 8ft/s.From this selected scope of speed we ingest to prefer a individual speed. The speed we have selected for our line is 5ft/s. This is the intermediate speed from the recommended scope and all the farther computations will be done on this speed.Velocity SelectionThe scope as mentioned above is taken every bit 3ft/s to 5ft/s. The following measure is to choose a individual speed from this scope. We have selected 5ft/s for our line. The ground for this speed choice is the tradeoff between pipe diameter and gauge of pump Stationss. Harmonizing to tenaciousness comparability if we amplification the speed, the corresponding diameter will cut down but the force per unit ara want will increase overdue to which a higher figure of pump Stationss are required. Similarly if we decrease the speed, the figure of pump Stationss will cut down but the diameter will increase fo r a given stop rate. Since the grapevine is laid over a long distance, the grapevine cost holds the major portion of the capital investing hence increasing the diameter will adversely impact the economic sciences of grapevine. This tradeoff is seeable in the computations shown in appendix A.The other ground for taking this speed is that if the flow rate fluctuates in the hereafter for any ground the diameter selected from this intermediate speed will be able to suit those fluctuations without impacting our system.Diameter CalculationCalculation of the diameter is the nucleus of the hydraulic designing.The diameter selected should be able to back up the emphasiss on the pipe, the capacity of the fluid and minimise the force per unit area losingss.Under given flow rate and false speeds, we can cipher the pipe diameter utilizing continuity equationV=Q/AVolt Flow speedQ Volume flow rateA Cross sectional countryThe flow rate is given as 109,000bbl/day or 7.1ft3/s. The diameters are cal culated at 3, 4, 5ft/s speeds and the several diameters are 20.83 , 18.04 and 16.14 .Choice of DiameterAs mentioned above 5ft/s is selected as the recommended speed and the corresponding congenital diameter ( ID ) is 16.14in.Nominal Pipe SizeFor the interior diameter later we have to cipher the nominal pipe size. To cipher the nominal diameter we refer to the Pipe Data provided for the Carbon Steel. From the tabular array shown in appendix B, it is erect out that attendant nominal pipe size will be 18in.Features of FlowDifferent flow belongingss are calculated to understand the government of flow, losingss in the pipes.The character of the flow can be laminal or degraded.There are two types of the losingss. Major losingss include the losingss due to coming upon in full-strength pipes and minor losingss due to decompressing sicknesss, valves, tees.To cipher these we will be covering with Reynolds figure ( for nature of flow ) , Moody diagram ( for clash performer ) and head loss computations.LosingssAs the fluid flows with the pipe there is clash at the pipe wall and unstable interface in the consecutive parts of the pipe due to interference between the fluid and the walls of the pipe. This clash consequences in consequences in the loss of energy in the lineat the disbursal of liquid force per unit area and the losingss are known as the major losingss.Pipe systems consist of constituents in add-on to consecutive pipes. These include decompression sicknesss, valves, tees etc and add farther to the losingss in the line. These losingss are termed as minor losses.Experimental info is used to cipher these losingss as the theoretical anticipation is complex.Major LosingssThe force per unit area talus due to clash in a grapevine depends on the flow rate, pipe diameter, pipe pitting, liquid special gravitation, and viscousness. In add-on, the frictional force per unit area free fall depends on the Reynolds figure ( and therefore the flow government ) . Therefore, the fluid in the grapevine will undergo force per unit area losingss as it runs in the line and cut down the operating force per unit area. This loss needs to be recovered and to keep the force per unit area pumps are installed at specific locations harmonizing to the demand ( pumps are discussed in Chapter in front ) . These force per unit area losingss are calculated by utilizing the Darcy-Weisbach expressiona?P = degree Fahrenheit(postnominal) ( L/D ) ( V2/2 ) I?Where,f=Darcy clash factor, dimensionless, normally a figure between 0.008 and 0.10L=Pipe length, footD=Pipe internal diameter, footThe force per unit area loss for speed of 5ft/s comes out to be 9625.15psi. All the relevant computations are shown in appendix A.Minor LosingssReal grapevine systems largely consist of more than consecutive pipes. The extra constituents ( valves, tees and decompression sicknesss ) add to the overall loss of the system. These are termed as minor losingss. In instance of unfeig nedly long pipes, these losingss are normally peanut incomparison to theA unstable clash in the length considered. But in caseA of short pipes, these minor losingss may really be major losingss such as inA suction pipe of a pumpwith strainer and pes valves.These losingss represent extra energy dissipation in the flow, normally caused by supplemental flows induced by curvature or recirculation.Minor loss in diverging flow is much larger than thatA in meeting flow. Minor lossesgenerally increase with an addition in the geometric deformation of the flow. Thoughminor losingss are normally confined to a veryA short length of way, the effects mayA notdisappear for a considerable distance downstream. ItA is undistinguished in instance ofA laminar flow.The force per unit area bead through valves and adjustments is generallyexpressed in footings of the liquid kinetic energy V2/2g multiplied by a head loss coefficient K. Comparing this with the Darcy-Weisbach equation for caput loss in a pip e, we can see the undermentioned analogy. For a consecutive pipe, the caput loss H is V2/2g multiplied by the factor ( fL/D ) . Therefore, the caput loss coefficient for a consecutive pipe is fL/D.Therefore, the force per unit area bead in a valve or adjustment is calculated as followsh=K ( V2 ) /2gWhere,h=Head loss due to valve or suiting, footK=Head loss coefficient for the valve or adjustment, dimensionlessV=Velocity of liquid through valve or adjustment, ft/sg=Acceleration due to gravitation, 32.2 ft/s2 in position unitsThe caput loss coefficient K is, for a given flow geometry, considered practically changeless at high Reynolds figure. K increases with pipe choppiness and with lower Reynolds Numberss. In general the value of K is determined chiefly by the flow geometry or by the form of the pressureloss device.Minor loss is by and large expressed in one ofA the two waysIn footings of minor loss factor K.In footings length, tantamount to aA certain length of consecutive pipe, usuallyexpressed in footings of figure of pipe diameter.The minor losingss for our system are calculated and consequence in a really low value and can calorie-free be neglected.Reynolds NumberFlow in a liquid grapevine may be smooth, laminar flow, besides known as syrupy or streamline flow. In this type of flow the liquid flows in beds or laminations without doing Eddies or turbulency. But as the speed increases the flow alterations from laminar to turbulent with Eddies and turbulencies. The of import parametric criterion used in sorting the type of flow in the pipe is called Reynolds Number.Reynolds figure gives us the ratio of inertial forces to syrupy forces and is used to find the nature of flow utilizing the recommended speed and the internal diameter. Reynolds figure is given byRe = I?VD/AFlow through pipes is classified into three chief flow governments and depending upon the Reynolds figure, flow through pipes will fall in one of the undermentioned three flow governments.1 . Laminar flow R & lt 20002. Critical flow R & gt 2000 and R & lt 40003. Disruptive flow R & gt 4000Friction FactorFriction Factor is a dimensionless figure required to cipher the force per unit area losingss in the pipe. Trials have shown that degree Fahrenheit is parasitic upon Reynolds figure and comparative raggedness of the pipe. Relative raggedness is ratio of absolute pipe wall raggedness I to the pipe diameter D.For laminar flow, with Reynolds figure R & lt 2000, the Darcy clash factor degree Fahrenheit is calculated from the simple relationshipf=64/RFor laminar flow the clash factor depends merely on the Reynolds figure and is independent of the internal status of the pipe. Therefore, irrespective of whether the pipe is smooth or unsmooth, the clash factor for laminar flow is a figure that varies reciprocally with the Reynolds figure.For turbulent flow, when the Reynolds figure R & gt 4000, the clash factor degree Fahrenheit depends non merely on R but besides on the internal raggedness of the pipe. As the pipe raggedness additions, so does the clash factor. Therefore, smooth pipes have a smaller clash factor compared with unsmooth pipes. More significantly, clash factor depends on the comparative raggedness ( I/D ) instead than the absolute pipe raggedness I .In the debauched part it can be calculated utilizing either the Colebrook-White equation or the Moody Diagram.Colebrook-White EquationThe Colebrook equation is an inexplicit equation that combines experimental consequences of surveies of turbulent flow in smooth and unsmooth pipe The Colebrook equation is given as1/a?sf = -2log ( ( I/3.7D ) + ( 2.51/Rea?sf ) )But the turbulent flow part ( R & gt 4000 ) consists of three separate partsTurbulent flow in smooth pipesTurbulent flow in to the full unsmooth pipesPassage flow between smooth and unsmooth pipesFor disruptive flow in smooth pipes, pipe raggedness has a negligible consequence on the clash factor. Therefore, the clash factor in thi s part depends merely on the Reynolds figure as follows1/a?sf = -2log ( 2.51/Rea?sf )For disruptive flow in to the full unsmooth pipes, the clash factor degree Fahrenheit appears to be less dependent on the Reynolds figure as the latter additions in magnitude. It depends merely on the pipe raggedness and diameter. It can be calculated from the undermentioned equation1/a?sf = -2log ( ( I/3.7D )For the passage part between turbulent flow in smooth pipes and turbulent flow in to the full unsmooth pipes, the clash factor degree Fahrenheit is calculated utilizing the Colebrook-White equation given above1/a?sf = -2log ( ( I/3.7D ) + ( 2.51/Rea?sf ) )Moody DiagramThe Colebrook equation is an inexplicit equation and requires test and slue method to cipher f.To provide the easiness for ciphering f scientists and research workers developed a graphical method known as Moody diagram.The Moody map or Moody diagramis a graph that relates the clash factor, Reynolds figure and comparative raggedn ess for to the full developed flow in a round pipe.In the diagram clash factor is plotted poetries Reynolds figure. The curves are plotted utilizing the experimental information. The Moody diagram represents the complete clash factor map for laminar and all disruptive parts of pipe flows.To utilize the Moody diagram for finding the clash factor degree Fahrenheit we foremost calculate the Reynolds figure R for the flow. Following, we find the location on the horizontal axis of Reynolds figure for the value of R and pull a perpendicular line that intersects with the appropriate comparative raggedness ( e/D ) curve. From this point of intersection on the ( e/D ) curve, we read the value of the clash factor degree Fahrenheit on the perpendicular axis on the left.Other Pressure Drop RelationsHazen-Williams EquationThe Hazen-Williams equation is normally used in the design of waterdistribution lines and in the computation of frictional force per unit area bead inrefined crude oil merchan dises such as gasolene and Diesel. This methodinvolves the usage of the Hazen-Williams C-factor alternatively of pipe roughnessor liquid viscousness. The force per unit area bead computation utilizing the Hazen-Williams equation takes into history flow rate, pipe diameter, and specificgravity as followsh=4.73L ( Q/C ) 1.852/D4.87Where,h=Head loss due to clash, footL=Pipe length, footD=Pipe internal diameter, footQ=Flow rate, ft3/sC=Hazen-Williams coefficient or C-factor, dimensionlessIn customary grapevine units, the Hazen-Williams equation can berewritten as follows in English unitsQ=0.1482 ( C ) ( D ) 2.63 ( Pm/Sg ) 0.54Where,Q=Flow rate, bbl/dayD=Pipe internal diameter, in.Pm=frictional force per unit area bead, psi/mileSg=Liquid specific gravitationAnother signifier of Hazen-Williams equation, when the flow rate is in gal/ min and caput loss is measured in pess of liquid per thousand pess of pipe is as followsGPM=6.7547A-10-3 ( C ) ( D ) 2.63 ( HL ) 0.54Where,GPM=Flow rate, gal/ minHL=Friction loss, foot of liquid per special K foot of pipeIn SI units, the Hazen-Williams equation is as followsQ=9.0379A-10-8 ( C ) ( D ) 2.63 ( Pkm/Sg ) 0.54Where,Q=Flow rate, m3/hrD=Pipe internal diameter, millimeterPkm=Frictional force per unit area bead, kPa/kmSg=Liquid specific gravitationShell-MIT EquationThe Shell-MIT equation, sometimes called the MIT equation, is used in the computation of force per unit area bead in heavy petroleum oil and heated liquid grapevines. Using this method, a modified Reynolds figure Rm iscalculated foremost from the Reynolds figure as followsR=92.24 ( Q ) / ( DI? )Rm=R/ ( 7742 )Where,R=Reynolds figure, dimensionlessRm=Modified Reynolds figure, dimensionlessQ=Flow rate, bbl/dayD=Pipe internal diameter, in.I?=Kinematic viscousness, Central TimeThan depending on the flow ( laminal or turbulent ) , the clash factor is calculated from one of the undermentioned equationsf=0.00207/Rm ( laminal flow )f=0.0018+0.00662 ( 1/Rm ) 0.355 ( disruptive fl ow )Finally, the force per unit area bead due to clash is calculated utilizing theequationPm=0.241 ( f SgQ2 ) /D5Where,Pm=Frictional force per unit area bead, psi/milef=Friction factor, dimensionlessSg=Liquid specific gravitationQ=Flow rate, bbl/dayD=Pipe internal diameter, in.In SI units the MIT equation is expressed as followsPm=6.2191A-1010 ( f SgQ2 ) /D5Where,Pm=Frictional force per unit area bead, kPa/kmf=Friction factor, dimensionlessSg=Liquid specific gravitationQ=Flow rate, m3/hrD=Pipe internal diameter, millimeter

Good vs. Evil in King Lear Essay

Life will always bestow us with choices which we must wisely choose both a moral or immoral response to. Shakespeare exemplifies goodness and wickedness in King Lear. The play presents a powerful manifestation of truth, specifically through with(predicate) the characters Kent, Edgar, and Cordelia.Kents unrestricted loyalty to Lear remains stable throughout the play. He recognizes Lears tragic flaw and remains faithful, even after being banished. His dependability is further divulged when he attacks Oswald, Gonerils loyal servant. Kents defensive actions result in him being placed in the stocks. This sacrifice adds to his loyal attitude of act the Kings well-being and safety. Oswald is loyal to Goneril, and acts well as a contrasting character to Kent.They both share the attribute of loyalty however Oswalds loyalty is based on immoral decisions, while Kents is not. Following Lears death, Kent foreshadows that he too will pass on, reuniting himself with Lear. Furthermore, Edgar is betrayed by his evil, manipulative brother, and he is forced to disappear. Edgars goodness is displayed when he treats Gluocester with kindness, regardless of his fathers misjudgment.In addition, Edgar gives his father strength by saving his life making him commit a deity has saved him from jumping off a cliff. This renaissance causes Gluocester to think and act more wisely in future endeavors. Edgar and Kents worship and loyalty are not affected by their mistreatment provided by their superiors, which ultimately verifies them as accurate symbols of good.Cordelia is an exemplar for true virtue in her acts of forgiveness and loyalty towards her father. Lear, distressed by his beloved daughters response of nothing to his love test, banishes Cordelia and denies her any land and power. Lear turning his back on Cordelia foretells destruction, since she is one of the barely people in Lears life that is loyal and expresss genuine feelings towards him. Furthermore, she foreshadows her d eath by returning to the kingdom to the aid of her father. She understands the dangers of returning, but in spite of these dangers she continues to emanate loyalty.Shakespeare delivers the existence of suffering through the presence of good and evil. Through Kent, Edgar, and Cordelia, Shakespeare has made it apparent that evil is unavoidable, yet virtue, loyalty, and forgiveness is rooted to everyone. It takes certain individuals to lay down the courage and power to be able to express these moral characteristics.

When to Salute

When to speak to Army strength in uniform is required when you meet and recognize persons entitled by rank. Do not solute, when it is in take over or impractical, like in public conveyances such as planes and buses, in public places such as inside theaters, or when driving a vehicle. Salute is also rendered (1) When the united States National anthem, To the Color, Hail to the Chief, or foreign national anthems are played. (2) To uncase National Color outdoors. (3) On ceremonial occasions. (4) At reveille and retreat ceremonies, during the raising or lowering of the signalise. 5) During the sounding of honors. (6) When pledging allegiance to the US flag outdoors. (7) When turning over control of formations. (8) When comment reports. (9) To ships officers of friendly foreign countries. Salutes are not required when (1) Indoors, except when reporting to an officer or when on duty as a guard. (2) A prisoner. (3) When is saluting is ostensibly inappropriate? Is when, a person car rying articles with both hands, or being otherwise so occupied as to make saluting impracticable, is not required to salute a senior person or return the salute to a subordinate.In any case not covered by specific instructions, the salute is rendered. (4) any the senior or the subordinate is wearing civilian clothes is reporting Indoors. When reporting to an officer in his office, the soldier removes his headgear, knocks, and enters when told to do so. He approaches within ii steps of the officers desk, halts, salutes, and reports, Sir (Maam), Private Jones reports. The salute is held until the report is completed and the salute has been returned by the officer.When the business is completed, the soldier salutes, holds the salute until it has been returned, executes the appropriate facing movement, and departs. When reporting indoors while carrying a weapon in your hands, by a sling or holster. The procedure is the same except that the headgear is not take away and the soldier r enders the salute prescribed for the weapon with which he is armed. Reporting Outdoors When reporting outdoors, the soldier moves rapidly toward the officer, halts approximately three steps from the officer, salutes, and reports.When the soldier is disregard by the officer, salutes are again exchanged. If beneath arms, the soldier carries the weapon in the manner prescribed for saluting. Saluting officers in official vehicles by recognized individually by grade or identifying vehicle plates and/or flags, is considered an appropriate wooesy. Salutes are not required to be rendered by or to armament unit who are driving or riding in privately owned vehicles except by gate guards, who render salutes to recognized officers in all vehicles unless their duties make the salute impractical.When military personnel are drivers of a moving vehicle, they do not initiate a salute In Formation Individuals in formation do not salute or return salutes except at the command, present, ARMS. The individual in saddle salutes and acknowledges salutes for the entire formation. Commanders of organizations or detachments that are not a part of a larger formation salute officers of higher grade by bringing the organization or detachment to attendance before saluting.When in the field under battle or simulated battle conditions, the organization or detachment is not brought to attention. An individual in formation at ease or at rest comes to attention when addressed by an officer. Not in Formation On the approach of an officer, a group of individuals not in formation is called to attention by the first person noticing the officer, and all come sharply to attention and salute. Individuals participating in games, and members of work details, do not salute.The individual in charge of a work detail, if not actively engaged, salutes and acknowledges salutes for the entire detail. A unit resting alongside a road does not come to attention upon the approach of an officer however, if th e officer addresses an individual (or group), the individual (or group) comes to attention and remains at attention (unless otherwise ordered) until the termination of the conversation, at which time the individual (or group) salutes the officer. OutdoorsWhenever and wherever the United States National Anthem, To the Color, Reveille, or Hail to the Chief is played, at the first note, all dismounted personnel in uniform and not in formation face the flag or the music, if the flag is not in view, stand at attention, and render the prescribed salute. The position of salute is held until the last note of the music is sounded. Military personnel not in uniform will stand at attention and remove headdress, if any, with the right hand. Then place the right hand over the heart. Vehicles in motion are brought to a halt. Persons riding in a passenger car or on a motorcycle dismount and salute.Occupants of other types of military vehicles and buses remain in the vehicle the individual in charg e of each vehicle dismounts and renders the hand salute. Tank and armored car commanders salute from the vehicle. When the National Anthem is played indoors, officers and enlisted personnel stand at attention and face the music or the flag if one is present. Last, Small flags carried by individuals, such as those carried by civilian spectators at a parade, are not saluted. It is improper to salute with any object in the right hand or with a cigarette, cigar, or pipe in the mouth.Officers and enlisted men under arms uncover only when (1) Seated as a member of (or in attendance on) a court or board. (2) Entering places of divine worship. (3) In attendance at an official reception. b. Male personnel remove their headdress indoors. When outdoors, military headdress is never removed, or raised as a form of salutation. c. Female military personnel will remain covered at all times when it would be appropriate for civilian women at a similar function to wear a hat. They must wear headgear w hen in uniform outdoors if headgear is authorized.

The Positivism in Mexico

favorableness in Mexico was primarily and educational philosophy. It tried to break by with the colonial wag and bring an intellectual emancipation so the modern Mexican mind could measure into the future, free from the shackles of obscurantism, superstitious notion and face the truths of science, hostel and pass. Evaluate this assessment of profitableness in Mexico. How accurate is it? What does it mean by facing the truths of science? What kind of educational innovations did it argue for?The confirmatory (and Negative) Truth about Mexican favourableness as a 19th Century Mexican Educational Reform Philosophy The assertion that Positivism in Mexico was primarily an educational philosophy. It tried to break out with the colonial mentality and bring an intellectual emancipation so the modern Mexican mind could step into the future, free from the shackles of obscurantism, superstition and face the truths of science, order and pass off (no source) is an accurate unrivaled. Further, according to Comparative Social Movements Mexico and the United States The Mexican Positivists were a group of elite intellectuals and sociable scientists that provided guidance and advice to Porfirio Diaz, the dictator that controlled Mexico from 1878 through the eve of the Mexican Revolution in 1910. The cientificos sic emphasized the incorporation of Mexico into the modern world system.This was to be accomplished through prohibition of the indigenous and mestizo sic aspects of he culture and forward motion of Mexicos European heritage. The combination of economic liberalization and political authoritarianism was the hallmark of Mexican Positivism. (December 16, 2002) Philosophies of the founder of sociology, Auguste Compte (sociological Positivism Auguste Compte), as applied to 19th hundred Mexican society, i. e. , Mexican Positivism, offered (or imposed, depending on ones viewpoint) educational and other innovations in the later 19th century and earlier years of the 2 0th (The Porfiriato, 1876-1910).To those nationals who supported Mexican Positivism (and there were many), The positivism of Auguste Comte promised age, discipline, and morality, together with freedom from the tyranny of theology (Hutto). Further, Mexican Positivism, derived as it was from Compte, emphasized the cost increase of, and a focus upon, scientific inquiry into ship canal of achieving national societal progress measures, while still maintaining the established social order, e. g. , a cornerstone Comptean high-flown (Marti, Positivism and Human Values The Quest for a Social Ideal, March 26, 1994).Mexican Positivism also espoused empirical, as opposed to abstract, definitions of and goals for social progress as tumefy as systematic strategies and methods for (as we would watchword it today) the continual improvement of society, or Total Quality Management (TQM) (Social Positivism August Compte Sociology). Mexican-born social philosophers like Jose Vasconcelos and Anton io Caso, however, were comparatively abstract, non-scientific thinkers by comparison.They were, in that sense, two relatively non-Mexican Positivists that is, each favored a much holistic, less systematic integration of philosophy, science, art, education into already inherent (instead of externally-imposed, European- base) social values (Salmeron Marti Jose Vasconcelos Antonio Caso Auguste Compte). Vasconcelos, for example, was in save sic of the education of the masses and oriented the nations education efforts along secular, civic, and pan-American (americanista) lines (Wikipedia).Vasconceloss ideals included, according to Salmeron (p. 267), the concept of a living experimentalism in which concur, each one in its own function, the entropy of the senses, the rules of reason, the projects of the will, all in a harmony which engenders love. The ambition to bring into concert all the resources by which cognisance disposes to relate itself to the world and to penetrate more deep its own depths emphasis added.As for Caso, who was in many ways (although in a more purely faculty member sense) (Salmoneda), echoed Vasconceloss ideological viewpoint Casos thought is a reply against positivism, an affirmation of liberty, of Christian roots, based on the conviction that man is a spiritual reality which constitutes the apogee of nature. (Salmoneda, p. 267) In comparison to Vasconcelos and Caso, Compte, the Grandfather (Sociology) of positivism as an integrated social philosophy (Auguste Compte) might have instead espoused the importance of a quantifiable pattern for Mexican social progress and educational innovation.That, wherefore, could then be empirically tested, and its results quantified and studied, e. g. , a science of society (Auguste Compte). This would represent a systematic approach to criterion all areas of societal progress (or the lack of it), including education. (Salmoneda Auguste Compte Sociology). such an approach, Compte no doubt would ar gue, would help Mexico, a backward (i. e. non-European) nation, to now be able to face the truths of science, order and progress whatever those were.They were most likely European truths, which Mexico and Mexicans, beingness backward, simply had not caught on to yet. Mexican Positivism had an especially strong, active, and influential supporter in Gabino Barreda. Barreda clearly regarded Mexican Positivism much more favorably than did either Vasconcelos or Caso. Perhaps this was due to his own (Paris-acquired) scientific and medical training, as well as his privileged social background (The Porfiriato, 1876-1910 Hutto Marti. Positivism and Human Values The Quest for a Social Ideal, March 26, 1994).Barreda was an intellectual, with a predilection for outcomes based on logic his major concern was the nerve of the sciences and logic as the basal philosophy of education. . . He considered positivist principles necessary in order to modernise a new elite to guide Mexico in the positiv e era (Hale, 1989). Curriculum was defined as the encyclopedic learning of the sciences in an ordered power structure hat would establish an intellectual order dependent of preventing anarchy in all its forms, and thereby lead to the moral regeneration of society (Hale, 1989).Mexican positivism, embodied in the slogan order and progress, was the backbone of the modernization scheme supported by the cientificos, intellectual followers of Barreda. Led by Jose Ives Limantour, who served as adviser to Diaz, the cientificos genuine a plan for economic recovery that was to be carried out through the next twenty-seven years of the Porfiriato. (The Porfiriato, 1876-1910)Mexican Positivism, then, indeed tried to break away with the colonial mentality and bring an intellectual emancipation so the modern Mexican mind could step into the future, free from the shackles of obscurantism, superstition and face the truths of science, order and progress (no source). Since the impetus for it came from a European movement, though, rather than from one that sprang from within the movement itself, the efforts of Mexican Positivism were met with mixed enthusiasm within Mexico itself, and also with mixed results.The Positivism in MexicoPositivism in Mexico was primarily and educational philosophy. It tried to break away with the colonial mentality and bring an intellectual emancipation so the modern Mexican mind could step into the future, free from the shackles of obscurantism, superstition and face the truths of science, order and progress. Evaluate this assessment of positivism in Mexico. How accurate is it? What does it mean by facing the truths of science? What kind of educational innovations did it argue for?The Positive (and Negative) Truth about Mexican Positivism as a 19th Century Mexican Educational Reform Philosophy The assertion that Positivism in Mexico was primarily an educational philosophy. It tried to break away with the colonial mentality and bring an intellect ual emancipation so the modern Mexican mind could step into the future, free from the shackles of obscurantism, superstition and face the truths of science, order and progress (no source) is an accurate one.Further, according to Comparative Social Movements Mexico and the United States The Mexican Positivists were a group of elite intellectuals and social scientists that provided guidance and advice to Porfirio Diaz, the dictator that controlled Mexico from 1878 through the eve of the Mexican Revolution in 1910. The cientificos sic emphasized the incorporation of Mexico into the modern world system. This was to be accomplished through suppression of the indigenous and mestizo sic aspects of he culture and promotion of Mexicos European heritage.The combination of economic liberalization and political authoritarianism was the hallmark of Mexican Positivism. (December 16, 2002) Philosophies of the founder of sociology, Auguste Compte (Sociological Positivism Auguste Compte), as applied to 19th century Mexican society, i. e. , Mexican Positivism, offered (or imposed, depending on ones viewpoint) educational and other innovations in the later 19th century and earliest years of the 20th (The Porfiriato, 1876-1910).To those nationals who supported Mexican Positivism (and there were many), The positivism of Auguste Comte promised progress, discipline, and morality, together with freedom from the tyranny of theology (Hutto). Further, Mexican Positivism, derived as it was from Compte, emphasized the encouragement of, and a focus upon, scientific inquiry into ways of achieving national social progress measures, while still maintaining the established social order, e. . , a cornerstone Comptean ideal (Marti, Positivism and Human Values The Quest for a Social Ideal, March 26, 1994). Mexican Positivism also espoused empirical, as opposed to abstract, definitions of and goals for social progress as well as systematic strategies and methods for (as we would call it today) the continual improvement of society, or Total Quality Management (TQM) (Social Positivism August Compte Sociology).Mexican-born social philosophers like Jose Vasconcelos and Antonio Caso, however, were comparatively abstract, non-scientific thinkers by comparison. They were, in that sense, both relatively non-Mexican Positivists that is, each favored a more holistic, less systematic integration of philosophy, science, art, education into already inherent (instead of externally-imposed, European-based) social values (Salmeron Marti Jose Vasconcelos Antonio Caso Auguste Compte).Vasconcelos, for example, was in favour sic of the education of the masses and oriented the nations education efforts along secular, civic, and pan-American (americanista) lines (Wikipedia). Vasconceloss ideals included, according to Salmeron (p. 267), the concept of a living experimentalism in which concur, each one in its own function, the data of the senses, the rules of reason, the projects of the will, all i n a harmony which engenders love.The ambition to bring into concert all the resources by which consciousness disposes to relate itself to the world and to penetrate more profoundly its own depths emphasis added. As for Caso, who was in many ways (although in a more purely academic sense) (Salmoneda), echoed Vasconceloss ideological viewpoint Casos thought is a reaction against positivism, an affirmation of liberty, of Christian roots, based on the conviction that man is a spiritual reality which constitutes the culmination of nature. (Salmoneda, p. 67)In comparison to Vasconcelos and Caso, Compte, the Grandfather (Sociology) of positivism as an integrated social philosophy (Auguste Compte) might have instead espoused the importance of a quantifiable blueprint for Mexican social progress and educational innovation. That, then, could then be empirically tested, and its results quantified and studied, e. g. , a science of society (Auguste Compte).This would represent a systematic appr oach to measuring all areas of societal progress (or the lack of it), including education. Salmoneda Auguste Compte Sociology). Such an approach, Compte no doubt would argue, would help Mexico, a backward (i. e. non-European) nation, to now be able to face the truths of science, order and progress whatever those were. They were most likely European truths, which Mexico and Mexicans, being backward, simply had not caught on to yet. Mexican Positivism had an especially strong, active, and influential supporter in Gabino Barreda. Barreda clearly regarded Mexican Positivism much more favorably than did either Vasconcelos or Caso.Perhaps this was due to his own (Paris-acquired) scientific and medical training, as well as his privileged social background (The Porfiriato, 1876-1910 Hutto Marti. Positivism and Human Values The Quest for a Social Ideal, March 26, 1994). Barreda was an intellectual, with a predilection for outcomes based on logic his major concern was the establishment of the sciences and logic as the basal philosophy of education. . . He considered positivist principles necessary in order to educate a new elite to guide Mexico in the positive era (Hale, 1989).Curriculum was defined as the encyclopedic learning of the sciences in an ordered hierarchy hat would establish an intellectual order capable of preventing anarchy in all its forms, and thereby lead to the moral regeneration of society (Hale, 1989). Mexican positivism, embodied in the slogan order and progress, was the backbone of the modernization scheme supported by the cientificos, intellectual followers of Barreda. Led by Jose Ives Limantour, who served as adviser to Diaz, the cientificos developed a plan for economic recovery that was to be carried out through the next twenty-seven years of the Porfiriato. The Porfiriato, 1876-1910)Mexican Positivism, then, indeed tried to break away with the colonial mentality and bring an intellectual emancipation so the modern Mexican mind could step into the future, free from the shackles of obscurantism, superstition and face the truths of science, order and progress (no source). Since the impetus for it came from a European movement, though, rather than from one that sprang from within the movement itself, the efforts of Mexican Positivism were met with mixed enthusiasm within Mexico itself, and also with mixed results.

American Shaolin 1

In Ameri puke Shaolin, dull, the main character has a defining characteristic of being rarefied. To be idealistic one has to be merely honest. The concept of idealism is to act or practice of envisioning things in an ideal form. This idealism is rapidly seen in for the first time chapter of track record one, two-dimensional develops a list of things wrong with him, he annotates the following, Things that are wrong with Matt 1. Ignorant 2. Cowardly 3. Still a boy/not a man 4. Unattractive to the opposite sex 5. Spiritually confused (14). Matt wrote the list at age fifteen, which was back when he was a boss arounds favorite target. Since the beginning of the book Matt seemed to point out that he was weak. It was mentioned a numerous amount of times that throughout his school eld Matt was a ninety-eight pound boy, which one knows is not heavy at all, so its real easy for bullies to pick on him if they precious to. Referring back to the list Matt wanted to agitate himself, he w anted to one day become a tough fighter that would be capable to protect himself in similar situations to those the same he had faced from his past.In doing so he took action and decided to take a year false college, Princeton, and use that same college money to travel to China. Matt was on a mission to find the Shaolin Temple. He had figured out that in order to mistake out of the shell of being bullied he wanted to study the martial arts of kungfu. He had been taking kungfu classes since freshman year, because when he was nine years old he had seen a rerun of David Carradines Kung Fu and was never the same again (15). He didnt figure this out alone, with the help of Professor Gu, he made his decision. Are you afraid of qi ku? Professor Gu asked Eat bitter? No, I liedThen you must go to the Shaolin Temple (16). Although Matt did not have the support he wanted, his idealistic mind did not stop him. He was going to do what he set his mind on. In taking money from his college fun d he was really taking action for what he wanted to do. Not only was it something his parents did not agree it, but it was something he had to go through alone, which one can say depicts the cowardly part off the list.Although he claims to have been a coward since grade school, if Matt was truly a coward he would have not taken that big step in life all on his own. But since this was something he did want, he did the actions to make his dream possible. Not only does he discern to get to China alone, but he has to find his way alone. All he can do is ask directions it doesnt take a coward to front random people, whom dont speak English, and ask them for help in a different continent in which one is new to.Although he claims to not be so good at his Chinese, Matt seems to get plenty of compliments of how well he does speak the language. Aiya, you speak Chinese she cried clapping her treat force to her mouth Just a little. Your Chinese is so good (16) Since the beginning Matt se emed to cross off ignorant from his list all on his own. Since his minor(postnominal) year of high school Matt decided to take steps forward and become a very successful person. He felt that although he was only at his junior year of college, he was done with college. As I finished, I leaned my head back in my chair with pride, and the list flashed in my head. I was suffused with a sweet glow of success (14). After having the feeling of relief Matt soon started to feel like he needed to work on eliminating more(prenominal) of the factors wrong with him from the list. That is when Matts idealistic mind take role and speaks for itself. His steps to going to China were getting closer, his obsession with kungfu had conduct to an interest in Chinese culture He was all flight ad no fight (15). As much as Matt was learning or so the Chinese culture to link with unattractive to the opposite sex he learns that because the Chinese tend to hit puberty later (at fourteen to sixteen) and be cause it is a sexually conservative country, especially in rural regions, the Chinese dont usually start dating before they are eighteenIt was common for Wushu meaning monks who had reached the peak of their power to find a special female friend to focus the extra energy they no longer needed to improve their kungfu skills (116). Matt has an open mind and is learning much from his time in China. One can say that if things go well for Matt, maybe after hes completed his kungfu training he might just find that one girl who will make him cross off his factor from the list. Towards the middle of the book Matt sets an example of how he was a coward, when one day he had a conversation with Coach Cheng and he was asked if he was afraid of being hit, Matt replies, The pain. He looked at him for a long time. When you were little, did they beat you? His question caught him off guard. His eyes got hot. Classmates? He nodded (161). Matt shows that he is being idealistic because he really wa nts to change the way things have been from his childhood, he doesnt seem to give up. His actions speak louder than the words he himself speaks. With his mind set in moving forward, he is acknowledging more wisdom as every day goes by. To be idealistic is take action as to for one wants to accomplish in their lives.Matt has shown that he is very idealistic by going to China to study kungfu. Generally, Matts idealism is negotiated throughout his character, affecting his decisions to change the way he is and the way he will be for the rest of his life. If it wasnt for his idealism, Matt would not be where he has gotten so far, he would have been back at home lacking the experience he went through still depicting about how he lived a bullied childhood. Matts idealism developed from the moment he was back at home to now when he lives in China.

Meditation Worksheet

Directions sink deuce resources on the Internet that explain speculation techniques. Copy and paste the Web address into the elucidate of the matrix. After reviewing the Web site, provide a drawing summary for each source. Below your summary, list two arouse facts you learned from each site. Try the techniques you located in your Internet search. Provide a brief description of what happened in your experience.Summary of resourceMeditation is a form of separate out management that pull up stakes allow our psyche to experience an oasis of peace and love within our heart and idea. Meditation gave me importantstay control oer my behavior so that no matter what was happening externally whether it was positive or negative I could still develop control over my thoughts and thus control the emotions and sapiditying in my mind. NO one potty control eradicate adversity in life but you can master the way you respond in regards to your finding processes. Take control without dela y master your mind through one of the meditation techniques and you will forever be able to be the peaceful beam in the eye of the storm of any adversity.The basis for attaining an experience in raja yoga meditation in to understand the self and the mind. The human mind is the closely creative, powerful and wonderful instrument we possess. Using this zipper called mind we brace been able to search the deepest oceans, send humans to the moon and scan the molecular fabric of the building blocks of nature. But have we found our true self? We have become the nigh meliorate and civilized society in our history, but are we civil towards each other? The soul has triple main faculties the mind or consciousness, the intellect and the subconscious. by the Brahma Kumaris Raja Yoga meditation organization.Two interesting Facts So what I have read and learned of meditation is it is a way to lift up all bad energy from ones body and it is a way to lower ones stress level to a normal level . It is a way to make ones mind a peaceful place and in hopes of treating others like they are human too. Not only that, but most meditations help mend the body as well. Meditation allows ones mind to open up to a peaceful place and it allows the stress to flow right out and it does have the power to heal the mind and soul. This in turns makes you feel loving and peaceful to other most you. That is what I got out of culture the facts I found.So my understanding of this particular meditation is more focused on ones three main faculties the mind or consciousness, the intellect and the subconscious. This meditation helps the mind and the other one is more for your body and mind. What intrigues me the most about this Raja meditation is that it is ran by women. Did you get by that Raja meditation is what we have discussed in our degree? It talks about the brain in how it is the power of our bodies. It also talks about the conscious mind and they talk about how feelings and emotions form in accordance with the montage of thoughts flowing in the mind. Therefore our bow of mind at any given moment is determined by the thoughts in our consciousness, and also with the feelings that we accessory with those thoughts.What happened after you tried each technique?Well, I felt like a weight had been lift off of my mind and body. I am able to think more clearly and see everything around me as an equal. I tried this after my daughter spit grape juice all over my floor and I found myself not being so angry about it, but now I look at it as that she is a one year old who does not know any better and I am not as mad as I was at the beginning. I like the Raja meditation because it deals with our minds. When I tried this technique I found myself in a nicer state of mind. I was able to think clearly and I was able to appreciate life a little more than I did before. I was able to focus better on my cookery while drowning out the extra noise around me. With both techniques I w as more pleasant to be around and I was less moody.1.Do you think meditation leads to heightened sensation and perception? Explain why or why not. Oh yes I do think it does lead to heightened sensations because when you allow your mind to open up to a different place you can actually feel it. Say you do the first meditation that I have tried. It takes your mind to any place you want to go. So when you get there you can feel the warm breeze on your face and smell the ocean air. You are able to hear the waves crashing on the rocks and sand and hear the gulls flying around in the sky. You can actually see the blue skies and the a couple of(prenominal) white puffy clouds. It is amazing where ones mind can take you.2.Have you considered integrating meditation into your own lifestyle? If so, list one strategy for fitting meditation into your schedule. If not, explain why. Yes I have once brought meditation in my life when I was in high school. I think I hold to bring it back to my life now because it has been so stressful and depressing. I plan to prepare in when I get up and when I go to bed. If for some reason I need it during the day I will find a quiet place to meditate for 15 proceedings then I will go back to what I was doing with an open mind. There really is no reason why I cannot put a little me time in the day. I think everyone should be able to at least do some meditation in their day. Who knows maybe it cogency make the world a better place if they meditate.

Educational Orientation for African Americans Essay

Reality depends on whizzs perception of the world. Thus, although there is one civilise, each school-age child perceives his or her experiences in that school differently. Reality exists in that individual perception (Marcus, Gross, & Seefeldt, 1991, p. 364). Ensuring companionable justice and opportunities of achievement for all students, especially historically underrepresented groups, has been my mission in life for many a(prenominal) years. touch with issues like equal opportunity and treatment for all students, regardless of students social variety, ethnicity, or family structure, I keep back always attempted to be cognizant of students perspectives.As a counselor in a school that is predominantly white with a few African American students I would like to research interpolation strategies that would make those African American students in my school be more triumphful. There atomic number 18 many factors associated with school ruin, especially in African American male s. The purpose of this research is to describe those factors and develop interventions strategies to apply to combat the school failure of those students. Examining their culture and of the causes of this phenomena and understanding how they experience school was critical in identifying the issues and influences on their commandments.Students failures to learn and succeed do not occur out of thin air. More specifically, African American boys failures to achieve do not occur out of thin air. A review of literature on Black male achievement shows that not only do they lag behind their White counterparts in America, but also in Britain and Canada (Graham & Robinson, 2004 Smith, Schneider, & Ruck, 2005). Attention must be given to examining policies, practices, attitudes, and experiences that create such failure in schools (Christle, Jolivette, & Nelson, 2005 Kagan, 1990 Nieto, 1999). Educators have many responsibilities.One of those responsibilities is to examine the reasons for the failure of students. Marian Wright Edelman (1992) sums up the purpose of education and echoes my belief of the responsibility of educators Education is for improving the lives of others and for leaving your community and world better than you found it (pp. 9-10). The ratiocination to study African American males in middle school arises from personal interest in fairness and social justice issues. Tied to that is my experience in middle schools where I have been witness to seek students, particularly AfricanAmerican males from low socioeconomic neighborhoods, who have demonstrated a lack of success in school. One cannot help but wonder why being Black and male puts students at risk for school failure (Davis, 2003 Noguera, 2003). For these reasons, my research is focused on a group of African American who ar not successful in school those who are struggling academically, demonstrating inappropriate behavior at school, and not putting forth effort to meet their academic potential. The research will seek to identify the influences, or the lack thereof, impacting these students success.When factoring in other issues that potentially result from a lack of educational attainment, such as involvement in illegal activity and incarceration of African American students, it is light round to see that we cannot afford to gamble on whether or not these students will make it on their own. portentous statistics create a sense of urgency and responsibility for educators in reaching African American students in particular. Predictions based on steady incarceration rates reveal that 32% of African American males will likely serve time in state or federal prisons during the course of their lifetimes (U. S. department of Justice, 2002). We are living in a country where twice as many African Americans live down the stairs the poverty line than Caucasians and where 40% of jail inmates are African American (U. S. Department of Commerce, 2002 U. S. Department of Justice, 2002). African Americans have held the lead in the percentage of people unemployed for three years consecutively (U. S. Department of Labor, 2003). Such statistics, when coupled with economic consequences of failing to adequately educate all students, paint a bleak picture for a large segment of our population. Gibbs (1988) goes so far as to say that AfricanAmerican males are an endangered species. She uses a dictionary definition to define this term as a class of individuals having common attributes and designated by a common name which is in danger or peril of likely harm or loss (p. 1). It is critical that struggling African American students are identified archean to help avoid the dismal scenarios. The implications of failing to identify and assist struggling students at the earliest charge up possible not only have an immediate effect on students but also give long-term consequences for students, communities, and the nation (Gibbs, 1988 Lee, 2002 Presidents Committee, 1997).Th e educational and societal implications of not reaching this group of students are worthy of great concern. The lack of both academic progress and motivation to learn are symptoms of a larger problem. Without getting to the root causes for the underachievement of African American males, another(prenominal) year goes by and they fall but behind their academically excelling peers, lowering their chances of passing their grades or leveling at proficiency on the essential yearly standardized tests. On a larger scale, this profound catastrophe, as a member of the capital of the United Kingdom Parliament refers to the underachievement of Black malestudents, lays the foundation for impediments to quality of life, earn income, and other obstacles in these individuals lives, as wellhead as implications for the greater society (Graham & Robinson, 2004, p. 654). behaviors children exhibit and failing to see the real problems. Conversations may take settle between the teacher and the stu dent or the student and an administrator on a superficial direct inquiring as to why they are misbehaving or failing, but the deliberate search for the root causes is oftentimes set aside to deal with the immediate problem of behavior or unwillingness to learn.Students who are not succeeding academically often become casualties of the educational systems that cannot see them because their problems remain invisible (Nieto, 2004, p. 17). Classroom interventions, call forth contacts, disciplinary consequences, counseling, and tutoring are a few of the strategies educators have implemented to improve student learning and chances of success. However, with some students it does not appear that we have scratched the surface of the underlying issues.Without getting to the root causes for the underachievement of African American males, another year goes by and they fall further behind their academically excelling peers, lowering their chances of passing their grades or scoring at proficie ncy on the required yearly standardized tests. On a larger scale, this silent catastrophe, as a member of the London Parliament refers to the underachievement of Black male students, lays the foundation for impediments to quality of life, earned income, and other obstacles in these individuals lives, as well as implications for the greater society(Graham & Robinson, 2004, p. 654). Irvine and Irvine (1994) suggested there are both perspectives that sum up the critical factor analysis on African American students failure in school. The first they call the achievement problematic, which suggests that Black students school failure is related to their cultural beliefs, perceptions and values near education.The second, cultural problematic, suggests that indifference to African American student culture is responsible for African American student school failure. The cultural vs. structural argument with regard to minority education is a common base of operations within sociology of educ ation research. Empirical studies often highlight one or the other as impart the under-achievement of African American. An examination of the various cultural and structural theories will put this debate into context.

English Essay – US Summer Camps

They give with the children they teach them sports, play with them ND educate them. The Europeans, whom experience to resolve at a summer camp, testament not alone benefit from an extraordinary experience and maturement as people. They get out also receive a real useful lesson in the English language. more than a thousand Europeans come to the US, to work at summer camps every summer. The Europeans work with the children as instructors, c bers or maintenance workers at the camps.The Europeans get a chance to work with kids and youngster, and obtain skills in leadership. They will jibe a whole new culture, when they arrive at the camp. Some will get surprised, because hey might discombobulate prejudged the Americans, and their expectations to a summer camp. The young European will also grow as a person. some(prenominal) shyness or fears will be vanished, because of the interaction with the children. Their confidence level will also rise, and incur more independent. It c an be kind of a culture shock, for some of the Europeans.The biggest culture difference is the food, and when you are at summer camp there is no fast food, so the new food might be weird at first. The Religion is also different. The Europeans meet many different religions, and it can be hard to Geiger out what is inappropriate to say to some religions, and what is not. Some Europeans might have trouble with the language. When you are workings at a camp and your job is to play and educate the children, it might seem preclude at the beginning.But when the precisely language the children know is English, you are being forced to try and talk to the kids, and the only language you hear around you is English, it will improve. Their vocabulary will also improve, and expressing themselves in English will be easier. The job as an instructors, careers or maintenance workers, will benefit the nouns Europeans in the future. As a maintenance worker you will learn to think practically, learn t o solve problems on your own.As an instructor, you will learn leadership, which can be useful for the rest of their lives. As a care you will learn to invade care of children, and it will be a good thing to have on your C.V., if you want to work with children in the future. If was to work at a summer camp during summer, I think I would very much enjoy it, due to the reasons mentioned before. I think all people will benefit from working at a summer camp. They will all get an extraordinary experience, and others will benefit from their quench in an educational aspect.Personally think I can learn a lot from working at a camp, not only as a person, but also my English will improve. boilers suit I think summer camp is a great way to spend summer, not only for the children, but also for the workers. The young Europeans, whom go to America to work with the children, will grow as people. They will obtain new skills, become more self-aware, and learn about new cultures. Some Of the Europe ans might be a little shocked about the new cultures, the foods and elisions are very different from what they are utilize to.

Prospectus of bsrm steels limited Essay

resolving powers and cod diligence certificates Declaration about the responsibility of the coachs including the CEO of the Comp some(prenominal) in find of the course catalogue Consent of the Directors to Serve Declaration about filing of course catalog with the Registrar of Joint bloodline Companies & Firms Due Diligence security department of Manger to the essence Due Diligence Certificate of the Underwriter(s) Risk factors & vigilance perceptions about the risks enceinte structure Use of initial public offering issuing verbal description of business Back foundation of the project Important control Nature of business leash products and services The Rolling Process market for the BSRMS Products Relative contribution to income Associate subsidiary/related holding telephoner Distribution of products/services Sources and approachability of raw seculars and principal suppliers Competitive condition of business Sources of and requirement for power, gas and water or every other utilities Customer providing 10% or more revenues Contract with principal customers and suppliers Material patents, trademarks, license or royalty agreements Number of employees (as per audited accounts) Capacity and current physical exercise of facility commentary of property financial experimental condition and Plan of OperationInternal and external sources of monetary fund (as per audited accounts) Material commitment for capital expenditure Causes for material changes Seasonal aspect of the sorticipations business Known trends, returns or uncertainties Change in the assets of the Comp both used to buckle chthonian off any liabilities Loan examinen from holding/parent community or subsidiary party Loan given to holding/parent conjunction or subsidiary fraternity prox contractual liabilities Future capital expenditure VAT, income task, customs duty or other tax liability Operating lease agreement Financial lease and other financial commitment person nel office related schemeRevaluation of assets Breakdown of come on expenses Auditors certificate regarding any all in allocation of shares to promoters or patronize stockholders for consideration other than in cash -5- Page No 7 7 10 11 11 11 11 12 12 13 15 15 15 15 15 15 16 16 17 17 17 17 17 18 18 18 18 19 19 19 19 20 20 20 20 20 20 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 22 22 Issuer Issue Managers alinement Financial serve moderate BSRM Steels Limited South Asia Capital Limited Item Transactions with subsidiary/holding company or associate companies Material in habitusation which is likely to have an impact Directors and officers In word formation regarding directorshipDirectors involvement in other organization Family relationship among directors and top five officers Short bio-data of the directors Credit breeding Bureau (CIB) enunciate Description of senior executive and departmental heads Involvement of Directors and officers in certain legal proceedings Certain Relationsh ips and link up Transactions Transaction with related parties Directors facilities Executive compensation Remuneration paid to top five salaried officers Aggregate amount of remuneration paid to directors and officers (as audited accounts) Remuneration paid to Director who was not an officerFuture compensation to Director or officers Pay increase intention Options granted to Directors, officers and employees Transaction with the Directors and subscribers to the Memorandum plain assets per share Ownership of the Companys securities Composition of Shareholders Share hold by Directors Shareholding structure 5% or more as on 30 April 2008 Securities owned by the officers Determination of offering bell Market for the securities being offered Declaration about inclination of shares with Stock Exchange Trading and settlement Description of Securities outstanding or being offered Dividend, voting, pre-emption rightsConversion and liquidation rights Dividend policy Other rights of share holders Debt securities Lock-in on sponsors share come back of subscription coin Subscription by and quittance to non-resident Bangladeshi (NRB) Availability of securities snap Application for subscription Allotment Underwriting of shares Principal terms and conditions of underwriting agreement Underwriters right to represent in the Board of Directors of the Company Auditors build to the shareholders Audited Financial Statements Auditors authorship under section 135(1), Para 24(1) of part II of schedule III to Companies Act, 1994 ratio AnalysisAdditional disclosures as required by Securities and Exchange Commission Credit rating report of BSRMS Application forms -6- Page No 23 23 23 23 24 25 26 26 27 27 27 27 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 29 29 29 29 29 29 30 30 30 30 31 31 31 31 31 31 32 32 32 36 36 36 36 37 38 38 38 38 39 40 54 55 57 59 76 Issuer Issue Managers bond certificate Financial Services Limited BSRM Steels Limited South Asia Capital Limited Disclosure in respect of n umber of security in Demat Form As per planning of the Depository Act, 1999 and regulations do at that place under, shares will only(prenominal) be issued in dematerialized condition.All transfer/ infection/splitting will take place in the Central Depository Bangladesh Ltd. (CDBL) system and any tho emergence of shares (right/bonus) will be issued in dematerialized form only. Conditions under Section 2CC of the Securities and Exchange Ordinance, 1969 Part A 1. The company shall go for Initial Public Offer (IPO) for 20,00,000 ordinary shares of Taka 100 (taka one hundred) each at par worth Taka 20,00,00,000 (Taka twenty crore) only pastime the Securities and Exchange Commission (Public Issue) Rules, 2006, the Depository Act, 1999 and regulations do there under.2. The abridge version of the course catalog, as O.K. by the Commission, shall be published by the issuer in four national daily newspapers (in two Bangla and two English), inwardly 03 (three) working days of issuanc e of this letter. The issuer shall post the full prospectus vetted by the Securities and Exchange Commission in the issuers website and shall also put on the websites of the Commission, business line exchanges, and the issue managers inwardly 03 (three) working days from the date of issuance of this letter which shall remain posted till the closure of the subscription distinguish.The issuer shall submit to SEC, the stock exchanges and the issue managers a diskette containing the text of the vetted prospectus in MS -Word format. 3. Sufficient copies of prospectus shall be made addressable by the issuer so that any person requesting a copy may receive one. A check shall be placed on the front of the action form distributed in connection with the offering, informing that kindle persons are entitled to a prospectus, if they so desire, and that copies of prospectus may be obtained from the issuer and the issue managers.The subscription activity shall allude in bold type that no sale of securities shall be made, nor shall any money be taken from any person, in connection with such sale until twenty five days after the prospectus has been published. 4. The company shall submit 40 (forty) copies of the printed prospectus to the Securities and Exchange Commission for official record within 5 (Five) working days from the date of military issue of the abridge version of the prospectus in the newspaper. 5.The issuer company and the issue managers shall ensure transmission of the prospectus, abridged version of the prospectus and relevant lotion forms for NRBs by e- harness, simultaneously with state-supportedation of the abridged version of the prospectus, to the Bangladesh Embassies and Missions abroad and shall also ensure sending of the printed copies of abridged version of the prospectus and application forms to the said Embassies and Missions within five working days of the publication date by express mail service (EMS) of the postal department.A compli ance report shall be submitted in this respect to the SEC con conjointly by the issuer and the issue managers within two working days from the date of said dispatch of the prospectus & the forms. 6. The paper clipping of the published abridged version of the prospectus, as mentioned at condition 2 above, shall be submitted to the Commission within 24 hours of the publication thence. 7.The company shall maintain separate jargon account(s) for collecting proceeds of the Initial Public Offering and shall also spread out FC account(s) to deposit the application money of the Non-Resident Bangladeshis (NRBs) for IPO suggest, and shall carry full particulars of said FC account(s) in the prospectus. The company shall open the abovementioned accounts for IPO purpose and close these accounts after refund of over-subscription.Non- Resident Bangladeshi (NRB) means Bangladeshi citizens staying abroad including all those who have dual citizenship ( appropriated they have a effectual Banglade shi passport) or those, whose foreign passport bear a stamp from the concerned Bangladesh Embassy to the case that no visa is required to travel to Bangladesh. 8. The issuer company shall adjudge to all the stock exchanges in Bangladesh for itemization within 07(seven) working days from the date of issuance of this letter and shall simultaneously submit the vetted prospectus with all exhibits, as submitted to SEC, to the stock exchanges.9. The following declaration shall be made by the company in the prospectus, videlicet Declaration about listening of Shares with the Stock Exchange(s) None of the stock exchange(s), if for any reason, grants listing within 75 days from the closure of subscription, any allotment in terms of this prospectus shall be void and the company shall refund the subscription money within fifteen days from the date of refusal for listing by the stock exchanges, or from the date of expiry of the said 75 (seventy five) days, as the case may be.In case of no n -refund of the subscription money within the aforesaid fifteen days, the company directors, in humanitarian to the issuer company, shall be collectively and some(prenominal)ly conceivable for refund of the subscription money, with interest at the rate of 2% (two percent) per month above the bank rate, to the subscribers concerned. -7- Issuer Issue Managers bail bond Financial Services Limited BSRM Steels Limited South Asia Capital LimitedThe issue managers, in addition to the issuer company, shall ensure due compliance of the above mentioned conditions and shall submit compliance report thereon to the Commission within seven days of expiry of the aforesaid fifteen days time period allowed for refund of the subscription money. 10. The subscription list shall be opened and the sale of securities commenced after 25 (twenty five) days of the publication of the abridged version of the prospectus and shall remain open for 5 (Five) consecutive banking days. 11.A non-resident Bang ladeshi shall apply either at once by enclosing a foreign demand draft drawn on a bank account payable at Dhaka, or through a nominee by paying out of foreign notes deposit account maintained in Bangladesh or in Taka, supported by foreign capital encashment certificate issued by the concerned bank, for the value of securities applied for through crossed bank cheque grade Account Payee only. The NRB applicants shall send applications to the issuer company within the closing date of the subscription so as to put across the same to the company by the closing date plus nine days.Applications received by the company after the above time period will not be considered for allotment purpose. 12. The company shall apply the spot buying rate (TT clean) in US Dollar, UK Pound Sterling and Euro of Sonali Bank, which shall be mentioned in the Prospectus, as prevailed on the date of opening of the subscription for the purpose of application of the NRBs and other non-Bangladeshi persons, wher e applicable. 13. The company and the issue managers shall ensure inhale collection/clearance of the foreign remittances of NRBs and other non-Bangladeshis, if applicable, for allotment of shares.14. Upon completion of the period of subscription for securities the issuer and the issue managers shall jointly provide the Commission and the stock exchanges with the preliminary post of the subscription within 05 (five) working days, in respect of the following matters, videlicet (a) Total number of securities for which subscription has been received (b) Amount received from the subscription and (c) Amount of commission paid to the banker to the issue. 15.The issuer and the issue managers shall jointly provide the Commission and the stock exchanges the list of valid and invalid applicants in 2 (two) CDs and final status of subscription to the Commission within 3 (three) workweeks after the closure of the subscription along with bank statement (original), branch-wise subscription stat ement. The list of valid and invalid applicants shall be finalized after examination with the CDBL in respect of BO accounts and particulars thereof. 16.The IPO shall stand cancelled and the application money shall be refunded immediately (but not later than 5 (Five) weeks from the date of the subscription closure) if any of the following events add up (a) Upon closing of the subscription list it is found that the total number of valid applications (in case of under subscription including the number of the investment banker) is slight than the minimum requirement as specified in the listing regulations of the stock exchange(s) concerned or (b) At least 50% of the IPO is not subscribed. 17.10% of total public offering shall be reserved for non-resident Bangladeshi (NRB) and 10% for mutual funds and collective investment schemes registered with the Commission, and the remaining 80% shall be open for subscription by the general public. In case of under subscription under any of the 10% categories mentioned above, the unsubscribed portion shall be added to the general public category and, if after such addition, there is over subscription in the general public category, the issuer and the issue managers shall jointly conduct an open lottery of all the applicants added together.18. All the applicants shall first be tough as applied for one minimum market lot of 50 shares worth Tk. 5000/-. If, on this basis, there is over subscription, then lottery shall be held amongst the applicants allocating one identification number for each application, irrespective of the application money. In case of over-subscription under any of the categories mentioned hereinabove, the issuer and the issue managers shall jointly conduct an open lottery of all the applications received under eachcategory separately in presence of representatives from the issuer, the stock exchanges and the applicants, if there be any. 19. An applicant cannot submit more than two applications, one in his/her own name and another jointly with another person. In case an applicant coiffures more than two applications, all applications will be handle as invalid and will not be considered for allotment purpose. In addition, whole or part of application money may be forfeited by the Commission. -8- Issuer Issue Managers conglutination Financial Services Limited BSRM Steels LimitedSouth Asia Capital Limited 20. The primary shares allotted to an applicant through IPO may be forfeited by SEC, if the BO account of the said applicant is found closed at the time of allotment of shares. All IPO applicants are required to keep their BO accounts operational till allotment of IPO shares. 21. Lottery (if applicable) shall be held within 4 (four) weeks from closure of the subscription date. 22. The company shall issue share allotment letters to all successful applicants within 5 (five) weeks from the date of the subscription closing date.Within the same time, Refund to the unsuccessful appl icants shall be made in the currency in which the value of securities was paid for by the applicants without any interest through Account Payee Cheque/ refund warrants with bank account number, banks name and Branch as indicated in the securities application forms payable at Dhaka/ Chittagong/ Khulna/ Rajshahi/ Barisal/ Sylhet/ Bogra, as the case may be issue to condition 19 above. Refund money of the unsuccessful applicants shall be credited directly to their respective bank accounts within 5 (five) weeks from the date of the subscription closing, who have mentioned in the IPO application forms, bank account numbers with the bankers to the issue and other banks as disclosed in the prospectus. A compliance report in this regard shall be submitted to the Commission within 6(six) weeks from the date of closure of subscription. 23. The company shall furnish the List of Allotees to the Commission and the stock exchange(s) simultaneously in which the shares will be listed, within 24 (tw enty four) hours of allotment.24. In the event of under-subscription of the public offering, the unsubscribed portion of securities shall be taken up by the underwriter(s) (subject to para -16 above). The issuer must notify the underwriter to take up the underwritten shares within 10 (ten) days of the subscription closing date on full defrayment of the share money within 15(fifteen) days of the issuers notice. The underwriter shall not share any underwriting tilt with the issue managers, other underwriters, issuer or the sponsor group. 25.All issued shares of the issuer at the time of according this consent shall be subject to a fastening in period of three years from the date of issuance of prospectus or commercial operation, whichever comes later Provided that the persons, other than directors and those who hold 5% or more, who have subscribed to the shares of the company within immediately preceding two years of according consent, shall be subject to a lock -in period of one y ear from the date of issuance of prospectus or commercial operation, whichever comes later.26. Either a Jumbo Share (one for each of the existing Sponsors/ Directors/ Shareholders) in respect of the shares already issued shall be issued covering together respective total holding, which shall contain the expiry date of lock-in period or Sponsors/Directors/Promoters/Shareholders shareholding shall be converted into demat form but shall be locked-in as per the condition at para-25 above. 27.In case of Jumbo Share Certificate issued to the existing Sponsors/ Directors/Shareholders, the said share certificates shall be kept under custody of a security keeper bank registered with SEC during the lock-in period. The name and branch of the bank shall be furnished to the Commission jointly by the issuer and the issue managers, along with a confirmation thereof from the custodian bank, within one week of listing of the shares with the stock exchange(s). 28. In case of dematerialization of sha res heldby the existing Sponsors/ Directors/Shareholders, the copy of dematerialization confirmation report generated by CDBL and attest by the managing director of the company along with lock-in confirmation shall be submitted to SEC within one week of listing of the shares with the stock exchange(s). 29. The company shall apply to the stock exchanges for listing within 7(seven) working days of issuance of this letter and shall simultaneously submit to the Commission attested copies of the application filed with the stock exchanges.30. The company shall not produce any benefit other than cash dividend based on the financial statement for the period terminate December 31, 2007. Part-B 1. The issue managers (i. e. , Alliance Financial Services Limited and South Asia Capital Limited) shall ensure that the abridged version of the prospectus and the full prospectus is published correctly and in strict conformity without any error/omission, as vetted by the Securities and Exchange Com mission. 2.The issue managers shall carefully examine and compare the published abridged version of prospectus on the date of publication with the copy vetted by SEC. If any discrepancy/ divergence is found, both the issuer and the issue managers shall jointly publish a corrigendum immediately in the same newspapers concerned, simultaneously endorsing copies thereof to SEC and the stock exchange(s) concerned, correcting the discrepancy/inconsistency as required under Due Diligence Certificates provided with SEC. -9- Issuer Issue Managers Alliance Financial Services Limited BSRM Steels Limited South Asia Capital Limited 3. Both the issuer company and the issue managers shall, immediately after publication of the prospectus and its abridged version, jointly inform the Commission in writing that the published prospectus and its abridged version are verbatim copies of the same as vetted by the Commission. 4. The fund collected through IPO shall not be utilise earlier to listing with stock exchange and that utilization of the said fund shall be effected through banking channel, i.e. through account payee cheque, pay order or bank drafts etcetera 5. The company shall furnish report to the Commission on utilization of IPO proceeds within 15 days of the closing of each quarter until such fund is fully utilized, as mentioned in the schedule contained in the prospectus, and in the event of any irregularity or inconsistency, the Commission may employ or engage any person, at issuers cost, to examine whether the issuer has utilized the proceeds for the purpose disclosed in the prospectus.6. All transactions, excluding petty cash expenses, shall be effected through the companys bank account(s). 7. Proceeds of the IPO shall not be used for any purpose other than those specified in the prospectus. Any deviation in this respect must have prior approval of the shareholders in the General Meeting under intimation to SEC and stock exchange(s). 8. The company shall adopt th e restrictive clauses regarding issuance & transfer of shares and grouping of shares from its Articles of Association.Part C 1. All the above conditions imposed under section 2CC of the Securities and Exchange Ordinance, 1969 shall be incorporated in the prospectus immediately after the page of the delay of contents, with a reference in the table of contents, prior to its publication. 2. The Commission may impose further conditions/restrictions etc. from time to time as and when considered necessary, which shall also be binding upon the issuer company. Part D 1.As per provision of the Depository Act, 1999 and regulations made there under, shares will only be issued in dematerialized condition. All transfer/transmission/splitting will take place in the Central Depository Bangladesh Ltd. (CDBL) system and any further issuance of shares (including right/bonus) will be made in dematerialized form only. An applicant (including NRB) shall not be able to apply for allotment of shares with out beneficial owner account (BO account).2. The issue managers shall also ensure due compliance of all above. GENERAL INFORMATION Alliance Financial Services Limited (AFSL) and South Asia Capital Limited (SACL) have prepared the prospectus from information supplied by BSRM Steels Limited (the Issuer Company) and also after several discussions with the Chairman, Managing Director, Directors and concerned executives of the company.BSRM Steels Limited, Alliance Financial Services Limited and South Asia Capital Limited collectively and individually, having made all reasonable inquiries, confirm that to the best of their knowledge and belief, the information contained herein is true and correct in all material aspects and that there are no other material facts, the omission of which, would make any statement herein misleading.No person is authorized to give any information or to make any representation not contained in this Prospectus and if given or made, any such information and repre sentation must not be relied upon as having been authorized by the company or Alliance Financial Services Limited and South Asia Capital Limited. The Issue as contemplated in this prospectus is made in Bangladesh and is subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Courts of Bangladesh.Forwarding this prospectus to any person resident outdoors Bangladesh in no way implies that the issue is made in accordance with the laws of that country or is subject to the jurisdiction of the laws of that country. A copy of this prospectus may be obtained from the Corporate Head Office of BSRM Steels Limited, Alliance Financial Services Limited, South Asia Capital Limited, the Underwriters and the Stock Exchanges where the securities will be traded. 10 Issuer Issue Managers Alliance Financial Services Limited BSRM Steels Limited South Asia Capital Limited Declarations and Due Diligence CertificatesDeclaration about the Responsibility of the Directors, including the CEO of the Company BSRM Ste els Limited in Respect of the Prospectus This prospectus has been prepared, seen and approved by us, and we, individually and collectively, accept full responsibility for the authenticity and accuracy of the statements made, information given in the prospectus, documents, financial statements, exhibits, annexes, papers submitted to the Commission in support thereof, and confirm, after making all reasonable inquiries that all conditions concerning this public issue and prospectus have been met and that there are no other information or documents the omission of which make any information or statements therein misleading for which the Commission may take any civil, criminal or administrative action against any or all of us as it may deem fit. We also confirm that full and fair disclosure has been made in this prospectus to enable the investors to make a well-informed decision for investment. Sd/ Alihussain Akberali Chairman Sd/Zohair Taherali Director Sd/Aameir Alihussain Managing Dir ector*Sd/Tehseen Zohair Taherali Director Sd/Sabeen Aameir Director Consent of the Directors to Serve We hereby agree that we have been serving as Directors of BSRM Steels Limited and confirm to cut through to act as Directors of the Company. Sd/ Alihussain Akberali Chairman Sd/Zohair Taherali Director Sd/Aameir Alihussain Managing Director* Sd/Tehseen Zohair Taherali Director Sd/Sabeen Aameir Director * Mr. Aameir Alihussain is also a shareholder Director of the company. Declaration about filing of Prospectus with the Registrar of Joint Stock Companies & Firms A go out and signed copy of the Prospectus has been filed for registration with the Registrar of J