Law Revision

She care for her own self chase and has non bring a new crossroad opportunity to FAA sequel Re Come 191 1 Fact A father had been aid in his cable by his second son. After the fathers death, the m another(prenominal) transferred the dividing line assets to that second son. After her death, the elder son sought the transfer Of those assets spine into her estate, saying that in the absence of her having taken independent advice, the younger sons stead brought an implication of undue influence. theatre theatre handlers fiduciary duties are owed only to the participation, not to the individualistic share holders. Case Percival v Wright 1902 Facts Percival wished to sell his shares in the union and wrote to the federation secretary request if he knew f anyone leave aloneing to buy. After negotiations, the professorship of the board of directors arranged the purchase of 253 shares, 85 for himself and 84 for each of his peer directors at a price based on Percival valuation of the shares. The transfers were canonic by the board and the transactions completed.Soon afterwards, Percival discoered that prior to and during the negotiations for the sale of his shares, another(prenominal) person was negotiating with the board for the purchase of the whole political party and was offering versatile prices for shares, all of which exceeded the price paid to Percival. Percival then brought n action against the directors asking for the sale of his shares to be set aside for non-disclosure. Held The directors are not trustee for the individual shareowners and may purchase their shares without disclosing that they are negotiating for the sale of the entire company. awry(p) has not informed to the board of FAA when she set up a company called redress Life Ltd (CLC) and become majority shareholder. Case The board of trustees of the Saba Foundation & Ors v Dates Seed chick bin Seed Mohamed & nor 1 999 A fiduciary is psyche who has undertake to act for or on beh alf of another in a particular tater in circumstances which give rise to a relationship of trust and confidence. The distinguishing obligation of a fiduciary is the obligation of loyalty. The leading is entitled to the single minded loyalty of his fiduciary This core indebtedness has several facts.A fiduciary must act in good organized religion he must not compel for his own benefit or the benefit of a third person without the informed consent Of his principal. This is not intended to be an exhaustive list, but it is sufficient to indicate the constitution of fiduciary obligations.. They are the defining characteristics of the fiduciary E is not field of honor to fiduciary obligations because he is fiduciary it is because he is subject to them that he is a fiduciary. The key fide carry obligations of the directors are To act Boniface in the come to of the company Directors are required to act Boniface for the benefit of the company as a whole.The Act also imposes similar duty on directors SSL 32 (1) Case Re Lee Barrens Ltd 1932 Facts A dispute arose over the purchase by the company of pension policies for the benefit of employees and their spouses. It was claimed that the particular indemnity issued was a misuse of the directors power. Held The judge set out a trio part test for determining whether the directors were using their powers properly (1) Was the transaction entered into in good faith? (2) Was the transaction reasonably incidental to the carrying on of the companys business? (3) Was the transaction done for the benefit of the company and to promote its prosperity? 1) No (2) NO (3) Yes TO exercise their power under the companys constitution for proper excogitation Because directors are fiduciaries they can only exercise powers given over to them for the purpose for which those powers were given and for no other purpose or which those powers were given and for no other purpose, and the exercise of a power for an improper purpose can be challe nged even if the directors good faith is not in question To reduce conflict of interest and not to meshwork from their position In the situation, Fruity has proposed FAA enters into a signal with CLC to buy supplies of the organic fruit drink product for resale.The board agrees and as part of the contract Fruity negotiates with the board that she will be paid RUMOR,000 commission because she drew the boards attention to this new product opportunity. The board of FAA did not know that Fruity is the majority shareholder of CLC. on that point is a conflict of interest between the two position Managing Director of Freshness Always Sad Bad and as the majority shareholder of CLC. Fruity also has set up the price for commission of RUMOR,OOH to grow attention towards the new product opportunity.Case Aberdeen Railway co v Blaine Brose 1843-60 Facts The railroad company agreed to buy chairs from a league, Blaine Brose. Blaine, a member of the partnership was also a director of the com pany. When the partners tried to enforce the contract the company successfully claimed that the contract was avoidable owing to the directors conflict of interest. Held Lord fair sex said His duty to the company imposed on him the obligation of obtaining these contract chairs at the lowest possible price.His face-to-face interest would let him in an entirely opposite direction would induce him to fix the price as high as possible. This is the very evil against which the rule is directed. A director has a duty not to make a personal win out of his connection with the company. This rule applies even if no loss is takeed by the company. However, if he does he must count for the profit to the company. Fruity has make a personal profit in connection with FAA and CLC. The FAA may suffer no loss due to FAA makes large profits selling the organic green product.Case Industrial Development Consultants Ltd v Cooley 1 972 Facts The managing director of IDS attempted to promise a contrac t on Ids behalf with the Eastern Gas Board. KGB indicated to him that they were not ready to deal with IDS but might be prepared to contract with the director (Cooley) personally. Cooley then represented to IDS that he was ill and was allowed to terminate his contract t short notice. He then negotiated with KGB and obtained the consultancy for himself. Held He must account to IDS for the profit he obtained for the contracts.He was in breach of duty and it was immaterial that IDS could not realise obtained the contract itself. Case Cook v Deeds 1 91 6 Facts tierce directors of the Toronto Construction Co Ltd were supposed to be negotiating a construction contract on behalf of the company. Instead they formed another company and took the Contract for themselves. They were holders of 75% of the share capital of Toronto Construction, and used this charity to pass a settlement at general meeting that the company had no interest in the contract.Held A director can normally keep a pers onal profit the company consents, but this consent is invalid if the director implicated controls the voting at general meeting. This was fraud on the minority. Section 131 (1) requires a director who is directly or indirectly interested in a contract with his company to declare promptly the nature of that interest at meeting of directors. Section 132(1) imposes a broad duty on directors at all the times to act honestly and exercise reasonable lotion in the exercise of heir power and the discharge of the duties of their office.This is based on a question of fact fount Yen Hinge effort Sad Bad v Dates Dry Eng pooh Aka 1 988 Regarding the extend of the meaning of honesty, the case of Multi Pack Singapore pet Ltd ( In Receivership ) v Interact Ltd & Ors 1994 explains that this does not mean that the directors had acted fraudulently, it means that he must act bona fide in the interests of the company and that in exercising his creation, the director should act only to promote and r esurrect the interest of the company. Misuse of confidential information